This tutorial explains how to deploy Video-on-Demand PoC demo on Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.11 on Ampere Altra with block storage, shared file systems, and object storage managed by Rook Ceph Operator. Estimated time to complete this tutorial: 30 minutes.

Ampere is pleased to showcase open-source Video-on-Demand Services on Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform, a hybrid cloud platform as a service built around Linux containers orchestrated and managed by Kubernetes, to exhibit the cloud native characteristics of the Ampere platform for video services:

Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform - an enterprise-ready Kubernetes container platform with full-stack automated operations. It’s a certified Kubernetes distribution with add-on functions/services.

• A 3-node cluster is the minimum required for a highly available (HA) cluster
• A Single Node OpenShift for Edge cloud or 5G Cell towers use cases

Rook Ceph Operator - offers Block Storage, which is the key element for keeping metadata, videos (mp4, mov, or avi), subtitles (e.g., WebVTT, etc.), generated playlists & segment files for VOD services

HAProxy - a Load Balancer for Kubernetes with an external Load Balancer which is an appliance acting as a reverse proxy and distributing network or application traffic across several servers.

2 Pods

• nginx-vod-module-container - An NGNIX-based container with VOD module serving as the backend for video streaming service
• nginx-hello-container - An NGNIX Webserver container with HTML and resource files serving as a YouTube-like front-end web application

• A DNS service like bind (named) supporting the Full Qualified Domain Name (FQDN, such as ocp4.hhii.amp or sno.ocp4.ampere)
• A HAProxy service as the external load balancer on the bastion node for multi-node OpenShift Cluster

The following is the step-by-step to deploy Video on Demand PoC demo on OpenShift Container Platform 4.11

1. Login to OpenShift Web Console

Figure A-1

2. The console will show the dashboards for activities, cluster details, and status

Figure A-2

3. Switch to “Developer” prospect by clicking on “Administrator” pull down menu

Figure A-3

4. Click “Create a project” to create a “vod-poc” project

Figure A-4

5. Click “+Add” to start the VOD PoC demo deployment

6. Click “Import YAML” to create Persistent Volume Claims for NGNIX Web app and VOD service

Figure A-5

7. The console shows an online editor for drag-n-drop YAML or JSON file , or just simply enter the content of file and use “---” to separate each definition.

Figure A-6

8. Import the YAML content for nginx-vod-app PVC

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apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: nginx-vod-app-pvc
  labels:
    app: nginx-vod-app
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    # This is the request for storage. Should be available in the cluster.
    requests:
      storage: 100Gi
  storageClassName: rook-ceph-block

9. Import is the YAML content for nginx-front-app PVC

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apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: nginx-front-app-pvc
  labels:
    app: nginx-front-app
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    # This is the request for storage. Should be available in the cluster.
    requests:
      storage: 100Gi
  storageClassName: rook-ceph-block

10. Back to “Add” page, we deploy the NGNIX WebApp and VOD service with 2 GitHub repos: 1. https://github.com/AmpereComputing/nginx-hello-container 2. https://github.com/AmpereComputing/nginx-vod-module-container

Figure A-7

11. Enter “https://github.com/AmpereComputing/nginx-hello-container “ to Git Repo URL.

Figure A-8

12. Scroll down to enter “nginx-front-app” in “Application” and “Name” fields, then click “Create”

Figure A-9

13. The Source-to-Image (S2I) workflow will start to build the container image with the source code from GitHub repo

Figure A-10

14. Click “Actions” of nginx-front-app deployment, then “Add Storage” to mount the PVC, nginx-front-app-pvc, to the Pod

Figure A-11

15. On “Add Storage“ page for nginx-front-app, click “Use existing claim” for PeresistentVolumeClaim , choose “nginx-front-app-pvc”, then enter “/usr/share/nginx/html” to the field under “Mount path” and click “save” button to complete the action.

Figure A-12

16. Enter “https://github.com/AmpereComputing/nginx-vod-module-container” into “Git Repo URL”.

Figure A-13

17. Scroll down to enter “nginx-vod-app” in “Application” and “Name” fields, then click “Create”

Figure A-14

18. S2I workflow also builds the container image for nginx-vod-app

Figure A-15

19. Once its S2I workflow is done, click “Actions” of nginx-vod-app deployment, then “Add Storage” to mount the PVC, nginx-vod-app-pvc, to the Pod

Figure A-16

20. On “Add Storage“ page for nginx-vod-app, click “Use existing claim” for PeresistentVolumeClaim, choose “nginx-vod-app-pvc”, then enter “/opt/static/videos” to the field under “Mount path” and click “save” button to complete the action.

Figure A-17

21. “Topology” page shows two Pods, nginx-front-app and nginx-vod-app

Figure A-18

22. OpenShift console also allows developers to access the Pod via the terminal tab

a. Click the link for nginx-front-app-[xyz-123] under Pods, then it will prompt the Pod details page

Figure A-19

b. Click “Terminal” Tab, it will connect to nginx-front-app container

Figure A-20

c. When the console is ready, execute the following commands

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$ cd /usr/share/nginx/html/
$ wget http://[A link of bucket on Object Storage]/hello-demo.tgz
$ tar zxvf hello-demo.tgz
$ mv hello-demo/* .
$ rm -rf hello-demo

d. Also update the URL (to https://nginx-vod-app-vod-poc.apps.sno.ocp4.ampere) in each video player HTML files and fix a typo

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sed -i "s,http://\[vod-demo\]/,https://nginx-vod-app-vod-poc.apps.sno.ocp4.ampere/,g" *.html
sed -i "s,Pytorch,PyTorch,g" *.html

e. Continue to work on nginx-vod-app Pod and click the link for nginx-vod-app-[xyz-123] under Pods, then it will prompt the Pod details page

Figure A-21

f. Click “Terminal” Tab, it will connect to nginx-vod-app container

Figure A-22

g. When the VoD container console is ready, execute the following commands to retrieve the tarball file included those pre-encoded videos

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$ cd /opt/static/videos/
$ wget http://[A link of bucket on Object Storage]/vod-demo.tgz
$ tar zxvf vod-demo.tgz
$ mv vod-demo/* .
$ rm -rf vod-demo
$ sed -i "s,Pytorch,PyTorch,g" *.vtt

23. Since OpenShift will serve all web applications and services in HTTPS protocol, it’s needed to configure NGNIX VoD module to generate master playlists to serve media playlists with HTTPS as well. Otherwise, the video player on HTML5 browsers won’t be able to play the streaming videos.

a. On bastion node, edit a nginx.conf file with the modified URL (https://nginx-vod-app-vod-poc.apps.sno.ocp4.ampere) for “vod_base_url” to create a ConfigMap for VOD service (nginx-vod-app)

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worker_processes  auto;

events {
        use epoll;
}

http {
        log_format  main  '$remote_addr $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                '$status "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';

        access_log  /dev/stdout  main;
        error_log   stderr debug;

        default_type  application/octet-stream;
        include       /var/cache/nginx/conf/mime.types;

        sendfile    on;
        tcp_nopush  on;
        tcp_nodelay on;

    vod_base_url                       https://nginx-vod-app-vod-poc.apps.sno.ocp4.ampere;
        vod_mode                           local;
        vod_metadata_cache                 metadata_cache 16m;
        vod_response_cache                 response_cache 512m;
        vod_last_modified_types            *;
        vod_segment_duration               9000;
        vod_align_segments_to_key_frames   on;
        vod_dash_fragment_file_name_prefix "segment";
        vod_hls_segment_file_name_prefix   "segment";

        vod_manifest_segment_durations_mode accurate;

        open_file_cache          max=1000 inactive=5m;
        open_file_cache_valid    2m;
        open_file_cache_min_uses 1;
        open_file_cache_errors   on;

        aio on;

        server {
                listen 8080;
                server_name localhost;
                root /opt/static;

                location ~ ^/videos/.+$ {
                        autoindex on;
                }

                location /hls/ {
                        vod hls;
                        alias /opt/static/videos/;
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers '*';
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin '*';
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods 'GET, HEAD, OPTIONS';
                }

                location /thumb/ {
                        vod thumb;
                        alias /opt/static/videos/;
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers '*';
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin '*';
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods 'GET, HEAD, OPTIONS';
                }

                location /dash/ {
                        vod dash;
                        alias /opt/static/videos/;
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers '*';
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin '*';
                        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods 'GET, HEAD, OPTIONS';
                }
        }
}

b. create configMap with nginx.conf

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$ oc project vod-poc
$ oc create configmap nginx-conf --from-file=./nginx.conf

c. Back to OpenShift Web console

d. Edit the deployment for nginx-vod-app by adding the portions of “nginx-config-vol” under the sections of volumes and volumeMounts

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...
spec:
volumes:
- name: nginx-vod-app-pvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: nginx-vod-app-pvc
- name: nginx-config-vol
configMap:
name: nginx-conf
defaultMode: 420
...
volumeMounts:
- name: nginx-vod-app-pvc
mountPath: /opt/static/videos
- name: nginx-config-vol
readOnly: true
mountPath: /var/cache/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
subPath: nginx.conf

e. The nginx-vod-app will be re-deployed with the new nginx.conf to let NGNIX VoD module serve playlists, segments, and subtitles on HTTPS protocol.

24. Click the link icon on the nginx-front-app Pod

25. It will trigger a new browser tab to access NGNIX Web App https://nginx-front-app-vod-poc.apps.sno.ocp4.ampere

Figure A-24

26. The demo is ready for serving Video-on-Demand Streaming to audience

Figure 1A-25